What is ethical relativism?

Ethical relativism is the belief that ethical standards and moral judgments are based on cultural contexts rather than being universal or absolute. This perspective emphasizes that what is considered right or wrong can vary significantly from one culture to another, suggesting that morality is not a fixed set of rules but is shaped by social, historical, and cultural factors.

For instance, practices that are deemed acceptable in one culture might be viewed as unethical in another, illustrating that ethical standards can be influenced by local customs, beliefs, and societal norms. This understanding fosters tolerance and appreciation for diverse moral viewpoints, highlighting the importance of context when evaluating ethical dilemmas.

In contrast, the other options presented do not align with the concept of ethical relativism. A universal approach to ethics implies that there are overarching moral principles applicable to all, whereas the belief that ethical standards are constant suggests a static view of morality that disregards cultural variations. Additionally, a perspective that disregards all ethical considerations would negate the very foundation of ethical discussions, failing to recognize the significance of moral practices within different cultural frameworks.